Government Trail Grand Re-Opening 2025

GOVERNMENT TRAIL GRAND RE-OPENING

Alpine Trail Stewards & forest service reps

For 14 years, the Government Trail #119 languished in the charred scar of the Wallow Fire.  The 2011 blaze devastated over a half-million acres of the Apache-Sitgreaves National Forest in Eastern Arizona.  Hundreds of miles of trails were obliterated in the densely forested high-country beloved by outdoor enthusiasts of all stripes.

Willows in a wet meadow on Government Trail

The fire left behind dangerous conditions including toppling dead trees, debris obstacles and flooding that made getting into the area to restore the damage an especially risky and physically demanding endeavor. 

Burn scar from the Wallow Fire

But over the past few years, with most of the dead trees down and new growth starting to take hold, the forest is at the point where it’s somewhat manageable and ready for repair work.

Stewards cut hundreds of logs on the trail

Thanks to grassroots volunteer group, the Alpine Trail Stewards, many formerly unhikable paths are being brought back from oblivion. 

Rocky Mountain iris bloom in the wet meadow

Working closely with the forest service, the group lead by Debbie and Aaron Fogle of Nutrioso has already identified and cleared miles of trails. The couple are seasoned outdoors people who know a thing or two about the area. 

This new sign was posted at the trailhead 6-7-25

Debbie is a horse trainer by trade who runs two outfitting companies: Women in the Wild and Hike Southwest while Aaron is a big game outfitter. They’re both hell-bent on sharing their love of the White Mountains not only with their businesses, but by giving back to the community through volunteer trail restoration work.

Stewards on a mission to the switchbacks

On Saturday June 7, 2025—National Trails Day—the group celebrated the grand re-opening of the Government Trail.  The 3-mile route that climbs the flanks of Escudilla Mountain near Alpine is now clear of deadfall and marked with cairns and bright tape.  There’s still some work to do on the upper switchbacks, but after a massive effort, the route is ready for its closeup!

New trail signage

The historic trail that was built for forest service workers to access the old fire tower and cabin on the summit, begins in a wet meadow below the western slopes of the 10,912-foot volcanic mountain.  Open to the sun, and fringed with survivor pines, the meadow features stands of willows, clumpy grasses and summer wildflowers that attract wildlife including amphibians, elk, deer, bear and swarms of butterflies.  Right from the start, the magnitude of work done by the Alpine Trail Stewards is apparent.  The 16 volunteers  that worked on the project over the past months cut 832 trees (537 of them using a hand crosscut saw due to wilderness restrictions) and contributed 550 hours in unpaid time brushing, clearing and removing hazards.

National Trails Day event 6-7-2025

The meadow walk is easy for about a mile up to where the freshly forged single track meets a closed two-track and begins a steady climb to where the trail enters the Escudilla Wilderness Area, taking on a series of switchbacks and seriously steep segments.  Compared to the Escudilla National Recreation Trail #308 that ascends the other side of the hill, this one is a bear.  Rife with loose rock and stripped of all the trees that had shaded its track before the fire, the switchback sections of the trail plow through rough talus slopes.  If it weren’t for the outstanding White Mountains vistas, you might wonder why you tackled this challenging hike. 

Optional side trip to the fire tower

White Mountains vistas from the upper trail

The two trails meet in an alpine meadow that evidently took the brunt of the Wallow Fire.  For an optional longer trek, hang a left here to continue another mile up to the closed fire tower near the summit.  The two trails are not technically looped, but by parking a second vehicle at the Escudilla trailhead, hikers can avoid the slippery downhill by using #308 as the return leg.

Rock cairns and tape mark the trail

LENGTH: 

Government Trail only: 6 miles roundtrip

With Escudilla Summit: 8 miles roundtrip

RATING: difficult

ELEVATION:

Government Trail Only: 8,626 – 10,600 feet

With Escudilla Summit:  8,626 - 10,877 feet

GETTING THERE:

From Springerville, go south on U.S. 191/180 for about 20 miles to Forest Road 8056 on the left between mileposts 420 and 421which is signed for Hulsey Lake and Terry Flat.  Go 2.6  miles on FR 8056 (past the Husley Lake day use site) and turn left at a Wildlife Habitat Area sign. Follow this road a short way to the signed trailhead on the right. FR 8056 is maintained gravel suitable for most vehicles. 

INFO:

Alpine Trail Stewards

https://hikesouthwest.com/alpine-trail-stewards-2/

Taawa Trail

TAAWA TRAIL

A steep drop-off on the Taawa Trail

One of Flagstaff’s newest hiking routes is destined to become an Arizona high-country classic.  

Completed in the fall 2024, the Taawa Trail is the last trail to be built in Flagstaff’s Mount Elden-Dry Lake Hills (MEDL) area and is one of the few designated for hiker-only use.  The challenging yet approachable path seamlessly melds easy mountain traipses with aggressive climbing. 

A survivor Alligator Juniper on the Taawa Trail

It’s kind of like eating ice cream with habanero sauce.

The close-to-town MEDL trail system has been popular with non-motorized trail users since its debut in 1987. In addition to its recently expanded menu of new stacked loops, the area also shares space with the Arizona National Scenic Trail and the Flagstaff Loop Trail.

Volcanic boulders line the Taawa Trail

View of the San Francisco Peaks from Taawa Trail

Trail planning, design and construction was a hyper-local effort with contributions from the U.S. Forest Service Coconino National Forest Flagstaff Ranger District, American Conservation Experience, and many volunteer hours and fundraising events organized by local bike organizations and local businesses.

The Taawa Trail is for hikers only

The results are breathtaking.  New signage mitigates the formerly confusing and disruptive unauthorized paths.  Beautiful singletracks follow the natural contours of the land as they meander through diverse eco zones that rise from pinion-juniper woodlands where tiny cacti huddle among boulders to aspen glens and high elevation fir-spruce forests.  All in just a few miles of switchback-mitigated climbing.

Claret cup cactus color the trails May -July

The Taawa Trail –which is named for the Hopi word for sun spirit or creator--replaces a maze of social paths including the Lost Burrito Trail on its lower half. 

Access Taawa Trail from the Rocky Ridge Trail

The trail’s upper segment is all new, sustainable construction aligned to protect wildlife, keep hikers safe and deliver an exceptional outdoor experience.  The 2.1-mile trail that ascends more than 1,000 feet can be accessed from the Shultz Creek Trailhead by hiking 0.6-mile on the Rocky Ridge Trail to the Taawa junction. 

A steep, tricky spot on the upper Taawa Trail

It’s easy going for the first mile up to where the trail makes its first crossing of the Big Bang Trail. 

Make a return loop using the Big Bang Trail

That’s where a set of tight, edgy switchbacks take on the foothills.  Steep and exposed, the thin path climbs steadily through stony passages in pine-oak woodlands. 

A shady segment on the Taawa switchbacks

The vertical assault calms down after about a half mile, leveling out in patchy high meadows where trees part just enough to give up fantastic views of the San Francisco Peaks and the town of Flagstaff below.  The trail ends at its high point at the second Big Bang Trail junction.

Summer storms build quickly in mountain climes

From here, hikers can either back track or make a return loop using Big Bang for a slightly longer, more challenging trek.

LENGTH:  5.4 miles out-and-back as described here.  6.4 miles with Big Bang return option.

RATING:  moderate-difficult

ELEVATION: 7,160 – 8,422. feet

GETTING THERE:

Schultz Creek Trailhead: In Flagstaff, go 3 miles north on U.S. 180 (Humphreys Street) and turn right on to Schultz Pass Road (Forest Road 420). Continue 0.5-mile on FR 420 and make a hard left at the Elden Lookout Road (Forest Road 577) "Y" and go another half mile on FR 420 to the parking area on the left.  There are no fees or facilities at the trailhead. 

INFO:

https://www.fs.usda.gov/r03/coconino

Piloncillo Ant Hills

PILONCILLO ANT HILLS

Cottonwood Basin Fumaroles

Ever see that movie “Them!”?  The 1954 black-and-white atomic-age chiller tells the story of mutant ants that go about eating humans in the New Mexico desert.  According to archival promotional clips, the monsters, mutated by atomic bomb test radiation, “claw out of the earth from mile-deep catacombs.”  Over the course of the film, it’s revealed that the ants are colonizing through underground tunnels, commandeered storm drains and rogue queen bees who have flown off to establish new nests.

Volcanic ash deposits along Fossil Creek Road

 Throw in some awesome flamethrower action, poison bombs, traumatized kids and vintage military aircraft and you’ve got the makings of a classic. Spoiler alert: in addition to their appetite for human flesh, the ants also like sugar.  

Chunks of basalt spill over volcanic ash on FR500

While the movie was filmed in what looks suspiciously like Joshua Tree National Monument, there’s a place in Arizona that could have provided a deeper sense of foreboding to the movie’s  bleak and tense theme.  Located 10 miles east of Camp Verde, the Cottonwood Basin Fumaroles in Coconino National Forest would make for a believable backdrop for mutant ants. 

Strawberry hedgehog flower among basalt & ash

The USGS defines fumaroles as “vents from which volcanic gas escapes into the atmosphere. Fumaroles may occur along tiny cracks or long fissures, in chaotic clusters or fields, and on surfaces of lava flows and thick deposits of pyroclastic flows. 

FR500 overlooking the fumaroles

They may persist for decades or centuries if they are above a persistent heat source or disappear within weeks to months if they occur atop a fresh volcanic deposit that quickly cools.” Geologists say that the Cottonwood Basin Fumaroles formed from volcanic ash deposited by nearby Hackberry Volcano that fell on an ancient freshwater lake about 7 million years ago.  The ash hit the calcium-rich water forming cement-like layers from which stream vented. 

Mountain vistas on FR 500

Over millions of years, the lake dried up and softer ash eroded away, leaving conical, honey-combed formations of petrified ash behind.  Locally known as the Tee Pee Rocks, the strange-looking array is tucked away in a shallow canyon just a few steps off Fossil Creek Road.  Visitors travelling on FR708 heading toward Fossil Creek Wild and Scenic River Sites usually fly right by this curious side attraction.  But a short hike leads to a couple of overlooks for views of the odd geological features.

Overlook on FR 500A

To visit the site, hike one mile downhill from the parking area off SR260 at Fossil Creek Road to FR 500 on the right where there’s a large primitive camping area. Then, hike 0.3-mile on FR 500 to an overlook.  Below, the chain of fumaroles appear as a sort of Pompeii-meets-Wat-Arun or Namibian termite hills gone wild.  With a nod to sugar-loving atom ants, “piloncillo ant hills” would be an apt description as well.

Scrambling down into the basin is not for amateurs. The area is rife with loose rocks, slippery inclines and hidden cracks poised to twist ankles. This is also prime rattlesnake habitat.  The fragile formations may have survived 7 million years of exposure, but it wouldn’t take much abuse from humans to destroy what’s left. So, it’s best to leave them alone and take in the sights from the overlooks. A second overlook is at the end of super-short FR500A, which starts at the camping area.  

Ash and xenoliths along Fossil Creek Road

Although the Tee Pee Rocks are the main attraction of this hike, that’s not all there is to see.  Geology nerds are treated to all manner of volcanic debris along the way.  Road cuts expose layers of volcanic rock, odd outcroppings stuffed with xenoliths and fields of colorful basalt blobs atop chalky slabs of hardened ash—all backed by cinematic mountain views.  Whether hiked alone or as a detour on the way to Fossil Springs, viewing the Tee Pee Rocks is a must-do for fans of Arizona weirdness.

Back home, re-imagine the hike by watching “Them!” with a sugary treat.  It’s probably streaming somewhere.

LENGTH: 3.7 miles round trip

RATING: moderate

ELEVATION:  3,429 – 3,315 feet

GETTING THERE:

From Interstate 17 in Camp Verde, go 10 miles east (toward Payson) on State Route 260 to Fossil Creek Road (Forest Road 708) on the right.  Park in the designated spaces. 

LEARN MORE ABOUT FURMAROLES:

https://www.usgs.gov/news/earthword-fumarole

Jawbone Windmill

JAWBONE WINDMILL

Corral at the Jawbone Windmill site

Words on maps can be both enticing and deceiving.  While indispensable for navigation, the two-dimensional limitations of maps can’t touch the experience of walking in the spaces they represent.

Bill Williams Mountain on the center horizon

Take for instance Jawbone Windmill, a nondescript line item that appears on the Coconino National Forest map.  A dot in the landscape 15 miles east of Camp Verde, the name stokes curiosity. 

Water tank at the Jawbone Windmill site

The moniker oozes a vaguely carnivorous mood rife with scattered bones, roaming livestock and skulking wildlife, all sustained by a wind turbine pumping life-sustaining water.  How can this enticing destination not be explored?  The go-see trek uses Forest Road 9243C, a rough two-track, that starts at a dirt parking apron on State Route 260. 

A mesquite tree on the high meadow

While the hike to the site is just under 4 miles round trip, the undulating road’s dips and climbs add up to over 1,100 feet of accumulated elevation change--another fact not easily apparent on maps.

Thirteenmile Rock Butte on right

  Immediately past the roadside gate, FR9243C crosses paths with the General George Crook Trail #130.

A steep incline in FR9243C

The unsigned crossroad parallels the highway and is part of the historic military supply route that runs for miles across Central Arizona. But that’s a trip for another day. For this hike, continue straight ahead as the road bends east and then north on its way into the hilly landscape. 

Yucca frame views on the high meadow

The prominent 5,515-foot flat-topped profile of Thirteenmile Rock Butte and its companion 5,283-foot unnamed pointy peak stand out to the east over the first quarter mile.  The easy start, which also passes by a rustic metal water tank, is soon disrupted with the first of several steep descents along the jumbled, juniper-lined road.  But not before giving up sweeping vistas of the Verde Valley, Bradshaw Mountains and the stony gorge of West Clear Creek.  On clear days, Bill Williams Mountain in Kaibab National Forest can be sighted on the far northwest horizon.  

The dry basin of Wire Corral water hole

At the 0.4-mile point at the bottom of a ravine, a faint dirt spur road heads off to the left.  This leads to the Wire Corral water hole.  Dry as a bone—and littered with actual bones—the tiny earthen-dam-backed reservoir is a reminder that Arizona is in long-term drought cycle.  Domestic livestock and native wildlife depend on these created catchments for survival. 

View of the winding road from near the trailhead

Although we cannot control the precipitation needed to replenish them, we can make a difference by donating to the Arizona Game & Fish Department’s Send Water program (link below) to help fill and maintain 3,000 water holes across the state.  It’s an easy way to help ensure wildlife survival.

Beyond the of basin of bones, the road makes another vertical assault, this time on the edge of a gorge overlooking the community of Clear Creek. The ankle-twisting haul tops out on a large high-desert meadow where mesquite, yuccas, agave and cacti frame some of the widest panoramas of the hike.  After a few hundred yards of painless walking, the road plunges again to where a major drainage bisects it at the 1.6-mile point. 

Mingus Mountain viewed fro FR9243C

Here, a side road veers off to the left.  The unsigned route leads to the mystery on the map—Jawbone Windmill.  At just over 0.2-mile in length, the road makes a mild descent to the weedy local. In the middle of shadeless folds of hills, a rusty water tank stands among encroaching catclaw. 

Bolts on the Jawbone water tank

There’s no windmill.  A concrete trough, foundations, decaying corrals and piles of pipes, sheet metal and random parts contribute to a curious array of detritus.  An adjacent water hole is dry.

Faint road on left leads to the windmill site

 Cracked mud enshrines the footprints of deer, bobcats, skunk and cattle that came to drink from residual pools left from sporadic rains.  

Gate at the trailhead on State Route 260

Despite the dismal water situation, this is beautiful country.  Mountain peaks soar over the weather-raved remains, scrub jays screech from pinon pines and in the gulch that empties into the water hole, a family of deer graze before disappearing quietly into the scrub.

LENGTH: 3.8 miles round trip

RATING: moderate

ELEVATION: 4,367 – 4,698 feet (1,128 feet of elevation change)

GETTING THERE:

From Interstate 17 in Camp Verde, travel 15 miles east (toward Payson) on State Route 260 to the parking turnouts at milepost 233. Hike begins at the FR9243C gate.

Arizona Game & Fish Send Water Program:

https://www.azwildlifehero.com/programs/lifesaving-water

Hot Loop Trail

HOT LOOP TRAIL

Woods Canyon viewed from Hot Loop Trail

In the wrong hands, a hike like the Hot Loop could go bad.  Forest Service signs on the trail warn of extreme conditions, sketchy sections and the fact that the “loop” involves connecting with Jack's Canyon Trail for a rugged 22-mile trek. 

Bell Rock, Bear Mtn and Courthouse Butte

While the full trip is clearly not for everybody, there are less treacherous yet still challenging options to sample some of the best parts of the trail.

Cypress woodlands on Hot Loop Trail

The 12.6-mile Hot Loop trail in Coconino National Forest near the Village of Oak Creek, has two main access points, the Jack's Canyon trailhead—as described here, and the Woods Canyon Trailhead near the Coconino National Forest visitor center along State Route 179.

Horse Mesa seen from Hot Loop Trail

Neither trailhead hints at the precarious nature of what lies ahead. Rough terrain, little shade, steep drop-offs and the potential for springtime floods could put a fatal kink in trail user plans.

The less-crowded Jack's Canyon trailhead is the preferred launch site for day hikers. The trail starts at the west end of the parking area near a corral.  The first half mile is an easy stroll among mesquite and cactus skimming bucolic ranch properties that bump up against the forest boundary.

Scrubby landscape above Woods Canyon

The hike’s transportive quality soon kicks in as the terrain moves from flat fields to hilly cypress-and-yucca foothills giving up good views of iconic rock formations Courthouse Butte and Bell Rock.

Overlooking Village of Oak Creek

 Narrow and rocky, the singletrack path initially takes it time moving up the lower slopes of Horse Mesa.  Pinon pines and shaggy-bark cypress trees throw bits of shade on the track as it reveals bigger and better vistas around every turn.  At around the 1-mile point, the trail makes a pronounced northeast bend, passes a gate (close it behind you) and then descends slightly onto slick rock ledges above the chasm of Woods Canyon.  Cupped in the folds of the mesa the trail dip is a short-lived respite before the trail takes on a ferocious mile-long climb.  Some loose rock and edgy traverses can be unnerving, but well-equipped hikers should have little trouble picking their way up the 1000+-foot ascent. 

Edgy ascent of Horse Mesa

Trail users should be prepared.

The huffing and puffing ends at the lip of the scrubby mesa and enters the Munds Mountain Wilderness area.  A short walk reveals panoramic views of the Pine Valley community, Sedona’s red rock formations, the deep cut of Woods Canyon and Dry Beaver Creek and the distant silhouettes of Capitol Butte and Bear Mountain. 

Jack's Canyon trailhead

For the casual day hiker, the rim makes for a good turnaround point for a satisfying 3-miler.

LENGTH: 6 miles round trip to top of the mesa as described here.

RATING: difficult

ELEVATION: 4,234 – 5,200 feet

GETTING THERE:

Jack's Canyon Trailhead:

From Interstate 17 north of Camp Verde, take the Sedona/Oak Creek exit 298 and continue 6.5 miles on State Route 179 to the Jack’s Canyon Road/Verde Valley School Road traffic circle. Veer right and continue 2 miles on Jack’s Canyon Road to the trailhead on the right. Roads are paved up to the trailhead. There are no fees or facilities at this trailhead.

Woods Canyon Trailhead (alternate access):

From Phoenix, travel north on I17 to exit 298 for SR179, Sedona-Oak Creek, go left (west) and continue 8.5 miles to the turn off for the Red Rock Ranger District Station on the right.  Trailhead is located within the ranger station complex in the south (lower) lot where a small metal sign indicates the start point.

INFO:

https://www.fs.usda.gov/recarea/coconino/recreation/recarea/?recid=54992&actid=50